On one hand, the semantic meaning of cure manages to assert a cultural identity and a gender delimitation: Healthy vs. In fact, this work assumes that cure is a double-folded concept. Some of them are also based on mythical systems. There are multiple semantic definitions and explanations for cure. Other references, in general works, although very reduced, happen in Strouhal, E., Vachala B., Vymazalová, dated from 2014. Finally, in 2011, Lesley Smith published the latest article on the gynaecological papyrus Kahun. Nunn in introduces the papyrus and makes some comments on the text.
Reeves in a small essay also dedicates two pages to it. In addition to the publication and translation of the papyrus, the studies dedicated to the gynecological treatise presented in Papyrus Kahun are also very small. The work also reproduces the text in hieratic from facsimiles proposed by Griffith in 1898. Collier in 2004.įinally, in 2017, Didier Fournier introduced us to, where he performs the hieroglyphic transcription, transliteration, and translation of the papyrus as well as medical comments and lexical, syntactic and semantic considerations to the text. In 2002 Stephen Quirke published his transliteration and translation of the text online and shared that translation again in the work he produces with M. Bardinet, also presented his translation of the papyrus and some comments on the text. Stevens, presented an English translation of the text, and in 1995, Th.
A hieroglyphic transcription of the papyrus Kahun is done in volume V and the translation and commentary of the text is presented in Volume IV. The final paragraphs of the text are dedicated to pregnancy, presenting teachings related to conception which include the use of incense, fresh oil, dates, and beer, to contraception, suggesting the use of crocodile manure and also honey and natron and, again, gynaecological treatments.Īfter the publication of the Papyrus Kahun by Griffith at the end of the XIX century, only in the second half of the XX century, the text is again the subject of study and publication within the scope of the most important investigation of medical papyri coordinated by H. The text does not refer to any proposed surgery. Donkey milk and perfumed oils are part of the medical material to be used in these procedures. The suggested treatments are diverse and include fumigations, massages, and medications introduced into the body as pessaries or as a liquid to be drunk or rubbed on the skin. Naturally, as in other medical works, Papyrus Kahun refers to an enchantment 5. This process of symptoms, diagnosis, report and treatment described makes up the various sections. However, no mention is made of the likely prognosis.
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The work comprises three pages, is divided into 34 horizontal columns, oriented from the right to the left, that have a common format: begin with a brief report of the symptoms then, the doctor is advised on how to approach the patient to present his diagnosis and, finally, treatment is suggested. The papyrus Kahun, dated from the kingdom of Amenemhat III, circa 1825 BCE 4 (Middle Kingdom, dynasty XII), is one of the biggest papyri of that period, with about 1 m long for 32 cm high, and features the oldest known treaty of gynaecology and obstetrics, which addresses issues such as fertility, pregnancy, contraception, and gynaecological diseases. Nowadays it is conserved in the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, University College London (UC 32057), in London, United Kingdom. The papyrus was in a very bad state of preservation, therefore it had to be carefully restored, in 1890, by Francis Griffith so he could, finally, be able to make the first hieroglyphic transcription of the hieratic text and its publication 3 still in 1898. Flinders Petrie in 1889, in a place near the modern city of Lahun, in Fayum 2. The Gynaecological Papyrus Kahun 1, the oldest known medical papyrus, was discovered by W.
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